INTRODUCTION
Melon show promising prospects for agribusiness. But if the factors are increasingly hard ground, poor nutrients, especially micro-nutrients and natural hormones, climate and weather factors, factors of plant pests and diseases as well as maintenance factors not addressed then the profits will decline.PT. Natural Net seeks to help increase the productivity of melon in quantity, quality, and environmental sustainability (Aspects of K-3).
II. GROWTH CONDITIONS2.1. ClimateNeed full sunshine during its growth. At high humidity melon crops vulnerable to disease. Optimal temperature between 25-300C. The wind is blowing hard enough to damage the melon crop. Continuous rain would be detrimental to plant melons. Grow best at an altitude of 300-900 m above sea level.
2.2. Planting MediaA good soil is sandy clay that contains lots of organic material such as andosol, latosol, regosol, and grumosol, provided that lack of soil properties can be manipulated by liming, adding organic matter, and fertilizer. Melon plants do not like the soil is too wet, the soil pH from 5.8 to 7.2.
III. TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR CULTIVATION3.1. Nurseries3.1.1. Making Media SemaiPrepare Natural GLIO: 1-2 packs GLIO Natural mixed with 50-100 kg of manure to land 1000 m2. Furthermore silenced + 1 week in the shade by always keeping the humidity and occasional stirring (reversed).Mix the finely ground (sifted) 2 parts / 2 bucket (volume 10 lt), which has been manure mature finely sifted as much as 1 part / 1 bucket, TSP (± 50 g) dissolved in 2 closed POC NASA, and the Natural GLIO already grown in manure 1-2 kg. Insert the media into a polybag seedlings 8x10 cm size to fill up to 90%.
3.1.2. Seeding techniques and maintenance of seedSoak the seeds in 1 quart warm water temperature 20-250C + 1 closed POC NASA for 8-12 hours + 48 hours ago brooded. Further sowing in polybags, as deep as 1 to 1.5 cm. Seeds planted in an upright position and the tip facing down roots candidate. Seeds covered with a mixture of husk ash and soil with a ratio of 2:1. Nursery bags lined up in order to put the full sunlight from sunrise to sink. Given a transparent plastic protection which one end is open.Spray POC NASA to spur the development of seeds, seedlings at the age of 7-9 days with a dose of 1.0 to 1.5 cc / liter. Watering is done with care routine every morning.Melon seeds 4-5 in leaf pieces or melon plants 10-12 days old may dipindahtanamkan by polybags plastic bag and carefully opened the following seeds were planted on land which is perforated before bed, raised bed should not be short of water.
3.2. Media Processing Plant3.2.1. Opening of the LandBefore the first hijacked flooded overnight, then next day do piracy with a depth of about 30 cm. Once it is done drying, the new refined.
3.2.2. Formation of BedsThe maximum length of 12-15 m beds; beds 30-50 cm high; 100-110 cm wide beds, and 55-65 cm wide trench.
3.2.3. CalcificationThe use of lime per 1000 m2 on the soil pH of 4-5 is required 150-200 kg of dolomite, to between pH 5-6 is required 75-150 kg dolomite and pH> 6 dolomite required as many as 50 kg.
3.2.4. Basic fertilization
The results would be better if the basic fertilization, POC NASA NASA has replaced SUPER mixed with water evenly over the beds with a dose of 1-2 m2 botol/1000 by:Alternative 1: 1 bottle of SUPER NASA diluted in 3 liters of water used as mother liquor. Then every 50 liters of water were given 200 cc of the mother liquor was to flush the beds.Alternative 2: every one yells vol 10 lt given 1 tablespoon SUPER pressed NASA to flush the meter + 10 beds.
3.2.5. Giving Natural GLIOTo prevent the disease because the fungus primarily attacks wilt disease, should scatter Natural GLIO that had been prepared before seeding. Dose of 1-2 packs per 1000 m2
3.2.6. Installation of Plastic Mulch Black-Silver (PHP)Installation of mulch should be during the hot sun in order to expand so that the mulch beds with appropriate cover. Let the beds covered with mulch made 3-5 days before planting hole.
3.3. Planting Technique3.3.1. Preparation of Planting Holes+ 10 cm diameter holes, hole distance of 60-80 cm. The model can be planting two rows facing each other to form a square or triangle.
3.3.2. Planting MethodSeedlings ready for planting removed with the medium. Try not to damage plant roots while ripping polybags.
3.4. Maintenance of Plant3.4.1. StitchingStitching performed 3-5 days after planting. After completion of replanting new plants should be drenched with water. Replanting should be done in the afternoon3.4.2. WeedingWeeding is done to clear weeds / weeds.3.4.3. Perempelan>Perempelan made to the bud / branch water is not the main branch.3.4.4. Fertilization
3.4.5. Use of HORMONIKHORMONIK dose: 1-2 cc / l of water or 1-2 + 3-5 caps close HORMONIK NASA POC each spray tank. Spraying HORMONIK ranging in age from 3-11 weeks, 7 days interval.
3.4.6. SprinklingWatering from the plant growth, to be picked fruit unless it rains. When watering not to wet the leaves and spray water from ground water not affected leaves and fruit. Watering is done early in the morning.
3.4.7. Other maintenancea. Installation of markerMarker installed after removing seed-sulurnya tendrils. High stakes + 150-200 cm. Marker is made of strong materials that can withstand the load of fruit + 2-3 kg. Place marker ditancapkannya + 25 cm from the edge of either the right or left guludan. More robust marker order could add a long bamboo placed at the top of the triangle between the bamboo or wooden crosses, following the line of marker-marker behind.b. PruningPrune the plant aims to preserve melon according to the desired branch. Plant height was made on average between the point 20 to the 25th (the segment, a branch or a book of the plant). Prune when the air is bright and dry, so the scar is not fungus. When pruning is done every 10 days, the earliest branch cut is close to the ground and leaving two leaves and branches that grow trimmed, leaving 2 leaves. Pruning is stopped, if the height of the plants had reached the branch to-20 or 25.
3.5. Pests and Diseases3.5.1. Pesta. Lice Aphis (Aphis gossypii Glover)Characteristics: has a fluid-containing sap and honey glazed viewed from a distance. Young Aphis yellow, while the adults have wings and somewhat blackish in color. Symptoms: curled leaves of plants, plant shoots withered leaves from the liquid is sucked pests. Control: (1) weeds be cleaned so as not to become the host of pests, (2) Natural spray PESTONA or BVR.
b. Thrips (Thrips parvispinus Karny)Characteristics: attack time to mature plant nursery phase. Yellowish nymphs and adults blackish brown. Attacks carried out in the dry season. Symptoms: young leaves or new shoots to be curly, and yellow spots; curling and stunted plants and can not form a normal fruit. These symptoms to watch out for having contracted the virus which carried pest thrips. Control: spray with Natural PESTONA or BVR.
3.5.2. Diseasea. Bacterial wiltCauses: bacteria Erwina tracheiphila E.F.Sm. This disease can be spread by intermediate-oteng oteng leaf beetle (Aulacophora femoralis Motschulsky). Symptoms: The leaves and withered branches, shrinkage occurs in the leaves, the leaves turn yellow, dry out and eventually die, the plants withered leaves one by one, although the color is still green. If the plant stem is cut crosswise will issue a white mucus thick and sticky even be drawn like a thread. Control: the use of Natural GLIO before planting.
b. The base Stem Rot Disease (gummy stem bligt)Cause: Fungus Mycophaerekka melonis (Passerini) Chiu et Walker. Symptoms: the base of trees such as oil and then dipped in red slime came out brown and then wilted plants and dead leaves that are infected will dry up. Control: (1) the use of PHP to prevent moisture mulch around the base of the stem and prevent injuries in the roots and base of the stem as weeding, (2) cleaned the infected leaves. (3) use the Natural GLIO before planting as a preventative.
Note: If a pest control using natural pesticides have not been able to cope with a chemical pesticide used is recommended. In order to more evenly spraying of chemical pesticides and are not easily lost by rain water add Adhesives Straighten AERO 810, dose + 5 ml (1/2 cap) / tank.
3.5.3. WeedsWeeds (plant pests) harm the plants, because of competing nutrients, and light place to grow. Revocation must be made since the weed plants are still small, because if it will damage the roots of melon plants.
3.6. Harvest3.6.1. Characteristics and Harvesta. Signs / Feature Appearance Ready to Harvest CropsA. Fruit size in accordance with the normal size2. The mesh / Net on a very real fruit skin / rough3. Yellowish green skin color.b. Harvest + 3 months after planting.c. Harvesting is a good time in the morning.
3.6.2. How to Harvesta. Cut the stem of a melon with a knife, reserving at least 2.0 cm to extend the shelf life of fruit.b. Rod-shaped cut in the letter "T", meaning that the fruit stalk intact.c. Harvesting is done in stages, with emphasis on fruits that have actually been ready for harvest.d. Sorted fruit has been harvested. Fruit damage due to knock / other physical disabilities, should be avoided because it will reduce the selling price.
3.6.3. StorageMelons should not be stacked, which have not been transported stored in a warehouse. Coated fruit neatly with dry straw. Storage areas should be clean and dry.
