Paddy rice production in Indonesia on average 4-5 tons / ha. PT. NATURAL NUSANTARA seeks to help achieve national food security through increased production of rice based on the principle of quantity, quality and sustainability (K-3).
GROWING CONDITIONS
Rice can be grown at an altitude of 0-1500 meters above sea level with temperature
19-270C, requires full sunshine without shade. Wind effect on pollination and fertilization. Rice requires a fertile soil with mud thickness and 18-22 cm soil pH 4-7.
TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR CULTIVATION
A.Benih
With a spacing of 25 x 25 cm per 1000 m2 field requires 1.5 to 3 kg. Ideal number of seeds spread around 50-60 gr/m2. The ratio of the soil for seeding by planting land is 3: 100, or 1000 m2 field: 3.5 m2 nursery
B.Perendaman Seeds
NASA POC soaked seeds and water, a dose of 2 cc / lt of water for 6-12 hours. drain and put sackcloth, floating rice seeds removed. Furthermore brooded using banana leaves or buried in the ground for 1-2 nights until the seeds germinate simultaneously.
C.Pemeliharaan Breeding / seeding
Nursery irrigated with gradually to a height of 3-5 cm. After 7-10 days old seedlings and 14-18 days, NASA POC spraying is done with a dose of 2 caps / tank.
D. removal of seed
Seedlings are ready dipindahtanamkan to 21-40 day-old rice field, leaves 5-7 strands, rootstock big and strong, uniform growth, not attacked by pests and diseases.
F. fertilization
Fertilization as in the following table, the dose of fertilizer in accordance with the desired yield. All macro-mixed fertilizer and spread evenly to the land according to dose.
HORMONIK special use can be mixed with POC NASA then sprayed (3-4 + 1 lid closed HORMONIK NASA / tank). Results will vary depending on the type of variety, condition and type of soil, pests and diseases
Use SUPER NASA & NASA POCA. SUPER NASA Giving way and then dissolved in enough water splashed (splashed only)2. If the NASA POC can be mixed with enough water splashed or sprayed.3. Specific SP-36 can be dissolved SUPER NASA or NASA POC, while other macro fertilizer spread evenly.G. PROCESSING AREA LIGHTPerformed at the age of 20 HST, aims to circulate air in the soil, ie dispose of toxic gases and absorb oxygen.H.PENYIANGANWeeding weeds such as jajagoan, sunduk digger, puzzles and water hyacinth performed 3 times the age of 4 weeks, 35 and 55.I. IrrigationWater-logging done in the early phase of growth, seedling establishment, flowering and the bunting. While the drying phase is only performed on pregnant before aiming to stop the establishment of seedlings and seeds for uniform ripening phase and accelerate the ripening seeds.J. DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL· Pest white (Nymphula depunctalis)Symptoms: attacking the leaves of seedlings, the damage in the form of dots that extends parallel to the bone leaf, rice leaf rolling caterpillars. Control: (1) good water management, use of healthy seedlings, releasing natural enemies, renders the leaf tube, (2) using BVR or PESTONA · · Rice Thrips (Thrips oryzae)Symptoms: The leaf curl and yellow to reddish, stunted growth of seedlings, the plants do not contain mature grain. Control: BVR or PESTONA.· Attacker planthopper rice straw: rice brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens), white-backed rice plant hopper (Sogatella furcifera) and leaf rice planthopper attack: green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix apicalis and N. impicticep).Damage by rice stem and suck fluids can transmit the virus. Symptoms: rice plants to yellow and dry, like burning a bunch of plants, plants that do not dry out to be a dwarf. Control: (1) raising rice simultaneously, using leafhopper-resistant varieties like IR 36, IR 48, IR-64, Cimanuk, Progo etc., clean environment, the release of natural enemies such as spiders, bugs and beetles bees, (2) spraying the BVR· Walang sangit (Leptocoriza acuta)Attack the fruit is ripe rice milk. Symptoms of vacuum or low-quality fruits such as wrinkles, brown and unpleasant; there are spots on the leaves of the former grain puff and black mottled.Control: (1) raise in unison, peningkatankebersihan, collect and destroy the eggs, removing natural enemies such as crickets, spiders, (2) spraying BVR or PESTONA· Ladybug Green (Nezara viridula)Attack rice stems and fruit. Symptoms: There used to puncture plant stems, fruit have attacked rice puff stains and disrupted plant growth. Control: to collect and destroy their eggs, spraying or PESTONA BVR· Borer rice straw consists of: white rice stem borer (Tryporhyza innotata), yellow (T. incertulas), striped (Chilo supressalis) and pink (Sesamia inferens). Attacks the stems and leaf midrib. Symptoms: wilting of plant shoots, reddish dry and easily removed, dried leaves and whole dried stems. Damage to young plants are called pests "sundep" and the bunting plant (seed filling) are called "outs". Control: (1) using resistant varieties, improved sanitation, flooded rice fields for 15 days after harvest in order to chrysalis to death, burning straw, (2) using BVR or PESTONA· Pest rat (Rattus argentiventer)Attacking young stems (1-2 months) and fruit. Symptoms: the collapse of the rice plant in rice fields and in the midst of the onslaught of hide and no plants. Control: crop rotation, planting simultaneously, sanitation, gropyokan, release of natural enemies such as snakes and owls, the use of NAT (Natural Aromatic).· BirdsAttack before the harvest, the fruit stalk broken, scattered seeds. Control: drive out to the sounds or the puppets.· Diseases brown leaf spotsCause: The fungus Helmintosporium oryzae.Symptoms: attack the midrib, panicle, and grow new fruit new seeds germinate. Seeds mottled-brown spots, but still contains, rice adult dry rot, seed rot and seedling sprouts die. Control: (1) soaking the seeds in warm water + NASA POC, balanced fertilization, planting disease-resistant rice.· Blast DiseaseCause: The fungus Pyricularia oryzae. Symptoms: attacking the leaves, the book ends on a panicle and panicle stalk. Leaves, bracelet book, stalk and panicle branches near the base of the panicle rot.Cooking of food grain to be obstructed and vacuum. Control: (1) burning residual straw, flooded rice fields, planting superior varieties Sentani, Cimandiri IR-48, IR-36, the provision of fertilizer N in the mid-vegetative phase and the phase formation of grains, (2) provision of early planting GLIO· Rotten leaf midribCause: The fungus Rhizoctonia sp. Symptoms: attack the leaves and the midrib of leaves on plants that have established seedlings. Cause the number and quality of grain decreased. Control: (1) plant disease-resistant rice (2) provision at the time of establishment of seedlings GLIO· Fusarium DiseaseCause: The fungus Fusarium moniliforme. Symptoms: attacking young panicles and seeds become brown, drooping leaves, root rot. Control: loosen spacing, dip and seed + NASA POC disebari GLIO on land· Disease crackle / blightCause: The bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv oryzae) Symptoms: attack the leaves and growing points. There are lines in between the bones of the leaves, line the fluid-filled blisters and dusky, the leaves dry out and die. Control: (1) plant disease resistant varieties like IR 36, IR 46, Cisadane, Cipunegara, avoiding mechanical injury, environmental sanitation, (2) control early with GLIO· The disease stuntedCause: The virus is transmitted by the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. Symptoms: attack all parts of the plant, the leaves become short, narrow, yellowish-green, short trunk, short books, but many small tillers. Control: difficult, prevention efforts to destroy the infected plants exist with BVR or control vector PESTONA.· Tungro diseaseCause: The virus is transmitted by green leafhoppers Nephotettix impicticeps. Symptoms: attack all plant parts, plant growth is less than perfect, the leaves yellow to brown, the number of shoots was reduced, delayed flowering, panicle small and does not contain. Control: resistant rice plant hopper like Kelara, IR 52, IR 36, IR 48, IR 54, IR 46, IR 42 and the control of viral vectors with BVR.
K. HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST· Harvesting is done when 80% of rice grain and stalk down the yellowing
· Tools used planers or sickle· After the harvest immediately knocked malainya with thresher machines or manpower· Keep to a minimum crop lossHaving knocked diayaki (Java: ditapeni)· Do the sun drying for 2-3 days· After drying and grinding the grain of the skin separating the seeds.· Rice is ready to be consumed.
